Treating Headaches with Massage Therapy

Headaches come in many forms. Three common types are migraines, tension-type headaches and chronic daily headaches. Migraines often involve recurrent attacks of moderate to severe pain that is throbbing or pulsing and often strikes one side of the head, can come on with or without an aura, and occur frequently in the morning, especially upon waking. Some people have migraines at predictable times, such as before menstruation or on weekends following a stressful week of work. Many people feel exhausted or weak following a migraine but are usually symptom-free between attacks. Tension-type headache, previously called muscle contraction headache, is the most common type of headache. Its name indicates the role of stress and mental or emotional conflict in triggering the pain and contracting muscles in the neck, face, scalp, and jaw. Tension-type headaches may also be caused by jaw clenching, intense work, missed meals, depression, anxiety, or too little sleep. Chronic daily headache refers to a group of headache disorders that occur at least 15 days a month during a 3-month period. Individuals feel constant, mostly moderate pain throughout the day on the sides or top of the head. These types of headaches can occur in teenagers and children and may be linked to stress from school and family activities.

Of the 45 million Americans who suffer from chronic headaches, more than 60 percent suffer from migraines. For many, it’s a distressing disorder that is triggered by stress and poor sleep. In a recent study, massage therapy recipients exhibited fewer migraines and better sleep quality during the weeks they received massage, and the three weeks following, than did participants that did not receive massage therapy. Another study found that in adults with migraine headaches massage therapy decreased the occurrence of headaches, sleep disturbances and distress symptoms. It also increased serotonin levels, believed to play an important role in the regulation of mood, sleep and appetite. Another study examined the effects of massage therapy on chronic, nonmigraine headaches. Sufferers of chronic tension headaches between the ages of 18-55 yrs received structured massage therapy treatment directed toward the neck and shoulder muscles during a 4-wk period. The results showed that the massage therapy reduced the number of weekly headaches. Headache frequency was significantly reduced within the initial week of massage treatment, and continued for the remainder of the study. A trend toward reduction in average duration of each headache event between the baseline period and the treatment period was also observed.

Sources: Annals of Behavioral Medicine, August 2006, International Journal of Neuroscience, 1998, American Journal of Public Health, 2002

Manage Your Stress: Ten Tips to Ease Stress From our Friends at the Cleveland Clinic

Stress management helps illness and massage is among the many effective complementary therapies for stress reduction recommended by health professionals.

1. Eat and drink sensibly. Alcohol and food abuse may seem to reduce stress, but it actually adds to it.
2. Assert yourself. You do not have to meet others' expectations or demands. It's okay to say "No". Remember, being assertive allows you to stand up for your rights and beliefs while respecting those of others.
3. Stop smoking or other bad habits. Aside from the obvious health risks of cigarettes, nicotine acts as a stimulant and brings on more stress symptoms. Give yourself the gift of dropping unhealthy habits.
4. Exercise regularly. Choose non-competitive exercise and set reasonable goals. Aerobic exercise has been shown to release endorphins (natural substances that help you feel better and maintain a positive attitude.
5. Study and practice relaxation techniques. Relax every day - choose from a variety of different techniques. Combine opposites - a time for deep relaxation and a time for aerobic exercise is a sure way to protect your body from the effects of stress.
6. Take responsibility. Control what you can and leave behind what you cannot control.
7. Reduce stressors (cause of stress). Many people find life is filled with too many demands and too little time. For the most part, these demands are ones we have chosen. Effective time-management skills involve asking for help when appropriate, setting priorities, pacing yourself and taking time out for yourself.
8. Examine your values and life by them. The more your actions reflect your beliefs, the better you will feel, no matter how busy your life is. Use your values when choosing your activities.
9. Set realistic goals and expectations. It's okay, and healthy, to realize you cannot be 100% successful at everything at once.
10. Sell yourself to yourself. When you are feeling overwhelmed, remind yourself of what you do well. Have a healthy sense of self-esteem.

There are several other methods you can use to relax or reduce stress, including:
Deep breathing exercises
Meditation
Progressive muscle relaxation
Mental imagery relaxation
Relaxation to music
Biofeedback (explained below)
Counseling, to help you recognize and release stress

Ask your health care provider for more information about these techniques.

Biofeedback Biofeedback helps a person learn stress-reduction skills by providing information about muscle tension, heart rate and other vital signs as a person attempts to relax. It is used to gain control over certain bodily functions which cause tension and physical pain. Biofeedback can be used to help you learn how your body responds in stressful situations, and how to better cope. If a headache, such as a migraine, begins slowly, many people can use biofeedback to stop the attack before it becomes full blown.

What to do if you have trouble sleeping You may experience insomnia (an inability to sleep) because of discomfort, stress from personal concerns or side effects from your medications. If you cannot sleep, try these tips:

• Establish a regular sleep schedule - go to bed and get up at the same time every day.
• Make sure your bed and surroundings are comfortable. Arrange the pillows so you can maintain a comfortable position.
• Keep your bedroom dark and quiet. Use your bedroom for sleeping only; don't work or watch TV in your bedroom.
• Avoid napping too much during the day. At the same time, remember to balance activity with rest during recovery.
• If you feel nervous or anxious, talk to your spouse, partner or a trusted friend. Get your troubles off your mind.
• Listen to relaxing music.
• Do NOT take sleeping pills - they are very harmful when taken with your other medications.
• Take diuretics, or "water pills" earlier, if possible, so you don't have to get up in the middle of the night to use the bathroom.
• If you can't sleep, get up and do something relaxing until you feel tired. Don't stay in bed worrying about when you're going to fall asleep.
• Avoid caffeine.
• Maintain a regular exercise routine; don't exercise within 2-3 hours before bed time.
  
  This information is from the Cleveland Clinic, Department of Patient Education and Health Information ©The Cleveland Clinic 2004